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The Czartoryski Museum and Library ((ポーランド語:Muzeum Książąt Czartoryskich w Krakowie)) is a museum located in Kraków, Poland, founded in Puławy in 1796 by Princess Izabela Czartoryska.〔Olivia Petrides, ( ''Anthem Guide to the Art Galleries and Museums of Europe.'' ) Page 509. ''Anthem Press'', 2009, ISBN 1-84331-273-5.〕 The Puławy collections were partly destroyed after the November uprising of 1830–1831 and the subsequent confiscation of the Czartoryskis' property by the Russians. Most of the museum holdings, however, were saved and moved to Paris, where they reposed at the Hôtel Lambert. In 1870 Prince Władysław Czartoryski decided to move the collections to Kraków, where they arrived in 1876. The city was granted a degree of autonomy after the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867. The best-known work on display at the museum is ''The Lady with an ermine'' by Leonardo da Vinci, the only painting of the artist which still remains in a private collection, as well as the only work of the Italian genius conserved in a Polish museum. As such, it is one of the best known works of Da Vinci. Other the highlights of the collection are two works by Rembrandt, several antiquities, including sculptures, Renaissance tapestries as well as decorative arts, and paintings by Luca Giordano, Pieter Brueghel the Younger, Dieric Bouts, and the Master of the Female Half-Lengths. ==Royal collections== Princess Izabela Czartoryska founded the museum in Puławy to preserve Polish heritage in keeping with her motto, "The Past to the Future." The first objects in her "Temple of Memory" of 1796 were trophies commemorating the victory against the Turks at the Battle of Vienna in 1683. The Museum collections feature historical artifacts from the recovered treasures of the Wawel Cathedral, the Royal Castle and other objects donated by Polish noble families (''szlachta''). Izabela also bought the treasures of the Duke of Brabant, including his books which were considered a particular highlight of the collection. Influenced by the Romantic artistic movement, she also acquired objects of sentimental significance that represented the glory and misery of human life. Among these were Shakespeare's chair, fragments from the alleged graves of Romeo and Juliet in Verona, ashes of El Cid and Ximena from the Cathedral of Burgos, and relics of Abelard and Heloise, and Petrarch and his Laura. The library’s book collection was later enhanced with Tadeusz Czacki's collection, which included archives of Stanisław August Poniatowski, last king of Poland. In 1798 Izabela's son, Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski, traveled to Italy and acquired ''Lady with an Ermine'' by Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael's ''Portrait of a Young Man'', and many Roman antiquities. However, Prince Adam Jerzy was always more a politician than an art-collector. After the failed November Uprising in 1830 he was exiled from Congress Poland, then ruled by Russian Empire. He established himself in Paris, and in 1843 bought The Hotel Lambert, which became both the center of operations for the exiled Czartoryski magnate, and the Living Museum of Poland. All the objects from the first museum were displayed in Paris. Books collection scattered and for decades its parts were stored out of Russian partition: in Kórnik, Sieniawa and in Paris. Upon Prince Adam Jerzy's death, his younger son, Prince Władysław, took over the museum. A born collector, he and his sister, Princess Izabela Działyńska, expanded the collection to include: the Polonaise carpet, Etruscan and Greek vases, Roman and Egyptian antiquities, and other types of arms and armours, as well as Limoges enamels. At the 1865 Exposition des Arts Decoratifs in Paris, Władysław created a Polish room to exhibit the famous carpet and other parts of his collection. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Czartoryski Museum」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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